Panama boasts a strong Catholic tradition, with 70% of its population identifying as Catholic, mirroring the Latin American average. The roots of Catholicism in Panama trace back to the early 16th century when Franciscan missionaries accompanied European invaders, establishing the Diocese of Santa María de La Antigua del Darién in 1513. Despite the violent conversion efforts, indigenous populations retained elements of their traditional practices alongside Catholicism, a trend observed with African slaves and their development of Santeria and Voodoo. Colonial missionaries built ornate churches as symbols of their power, shaping Panama’s religious landscape.
In contemporary Panama, the Catholic Church’s influence remains significant, impacting politics and social issues. During the 2014 national election, major-party presidential candidates pledged not to pass equal marriage rights for same-sex couples, under pressure from religious leaders. Additionally, religious conservatives protest events like gay pride parades and Halloween zombie walks. However, Panama’s churches also serve as centers for charitable activities and community-building efforts.
Despite the dominance of Catholicism, Panama embraces religious diversity, with Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and other beliefs coexisting peacefully. The country’s churches, particularly those in Panama City’s colonial center, showcase architectural magnificence and historical significance. From the grand churches of Casco Viejo to hidden gems beyond the city walls, Panama’s religious landmarks offer captivating insights into its rich history and culture.
